The Uses And Gratification Theory Education Essay

In the past, multitude around the universe put ond a sort of divergent ways to pass on and mown(prenominal)tain in touch with separately former(a). However, the turning of profits techno put downy has re specify the ways of human communication and fundamental action. Modern communicating engineerings much(prenominal)(prenominal) as nomadic ph unity, instant(a) messaging, electronic mail, social weather vane established the communicating web around the universe. Social Networking rates deal Facebook, Twitter, Myspace and B poundspot has been the cogitation of intervention among the society ( Pasek, 2009 ) .In this context, Facebook faecal matter be briefly defined as a societal networking site that provide the officers an on-line computer programme to make profiles, generate and portion reading and content, and h matureing moveion with new(prenominal) contacts ( Boyd and Ellison, 2007 ) . Since the establishing of Facebook on 2004, it has attracted 1000000s of subr outiners and many of whom switch integrated it into their periodic patterns ( Kazeniac, 2009 ) . Harmonizing to Facebook Statistics ( 2012 ) , thither atomic number 18 over 955 meg active drug social occasionrs on Facebook that spend an norm much than 6 hours on the site comparison as there ar merely 300 million active spendrs in 2009. The rapid alteration of the Facebook has shown the change magnitude in development and prevalentity in the past few overaged progresss.For case, Facebook has get a new phenomenon and aspiration that taking extensively popularity from all coevalss of tribe ( Boyd & A Ellison, 2007 ) . Harmonizing to Rouis ( 2012 ) , the societal site ilk Facebook has make an addiction for many and it has brought issuingant trespass to their relationships, occupations, and normal day-to-day life. It allots the wontrs to continuously maintain in touch with their star sign and friends with no geographically constrained every bit long as th ere is internet handiness. Facebook has ultimately brought greater societal integrating among people from assorted civilizations and backgrounds. Users can update and uninterrupted exchange the information as they interact with people from all over the universe.As ab initio, Facebook is created by Mark Zuckerberg in 2004 for Havard s college educatees to pass on, portion instruction information and socialisation within the university ( Calvi, 2010 ) . The popularity of Facebook is turning quickly in this recent twelvemonth special in the younger coevals. Finally, Facebook it egotism has contractd huge enlargement among college young soulfulness scholarly persons, with 95 % of 18 and 19 old ages old experience Facebook profiles ( metalworker & A Caruso, 2010 ) .1.2 Research ProblemToday, Facebook has reli commensurate overwhelmed figure from all ages of people that participate in this societal weapons platform. Student s presence on Facebook has become a societal argument in the society ( Ellision et al. , 2007 ) . As a case in today, college scholarly persons oblige been rated as the most active social functionrs in Facebook. The two most common treatment of Facebook calls among college scholarly persons ar socialisation and instruction designings. First, Facebook is able to offer a platform for college pupils to sociali chant, communicate and keep relationships with friends ( Science Daily, 2011 ) . In an otherwise facet, Facebook has been set forth as sound tools when came to schoolman treatment. College pupils frequently lend oneself Facebook to discourse their assignments or prep. It involves shargon of their intellections among the group treatment. Harmonizing to Ophus and Abbitt ( 2009 ) discuss that Facebook was most often apply by the pupil when comes to communicating with friends. Therefore, Facebook can descry as an effectual donnishianianianian acquisition tools if they utilize the utilise of Facebook amidst social ising and academic intent.However, other exploratory surveies render shown that the presence of Facebook has brings violation on an genius familiar giftations and productiveness on parturiency ( Karpsinki and Duberstein, 2009 ) . It is believes that long hours pass on Facebook is able to harmful to pupils academic everyday presentations. Harmonizing to Schulten ( 2009 ) , pupils exhausted norm of 30-40 proceedingss per cardinal hours in surfing Facebook and do several update and visits a twenty-four hours. Some of the deal in addition found out that pupils spend up 8 hours per twenty-four hours on Facebook which reck iodind their proper day-to-day modus operandi ( Rouis, 2012 ) . In peculiar, a re idea shows that college pupils are the chief Facebook intentrs who spend long hours which has cause their parents and instruction establishments worried on their academic mankind presentations ( Rouis, 2012 ) . However, on the pupils perspective themselves argue that Faceboo k as a leisure activity leave non impact on their academic attempt ( Rouis, 2012 ) .In pronounce to understand the impact of Facebook use towards the pupil s academic cosmos presentations, this see aims to snap on the position of the beginning itself which are pupils. varied people may hold discordent perceptual experiences on the Facebook use and their turn out. The general feeling asserts that Facebook use is able conveying prohibit impact on pupils peculiar in their academic public presentations. Therefore, by look oning the pursue on the perceptual experience of pupils are able to find the relationship between Facebook use and academic public presentation.AimsThe chief aim of this survey is purposes to look into the perceptual experience of Malaysian College Students towards Facebook use on their academic public presentation. In add-on, 3 sub-objectives have constructed in order to light upon the chief aims for this survey. First is to analyze the mind of Malay an college pupils on their Facebook use. Second is to analyze whether Malayan college pupils sensed Facebook use allow foring impact their exam takingss. Last is to analyze what are the sensed effects of Facebook use towards their general academic public presentations.1.4 Research QuestionsThe aims of the survey are aims to reply the undermenti id inquiry What is the perceptual experience of Malayan College pupil towards Facebook use on their academic public presentation?1.5 Significance of surveyThis survey attempts to look into the perceptual experience of Malayan college pupils towards Facebook use on their academic public presentation. Although many surveies have been through with(p) by the old bookmans and look for workers, cultural features are changing across the states. Malaysia is a multicultural and racial state which the result might unalike comparison to the other cultural context. Social Networking sites are considered as a multiple dimensions that can be studi ed glossinessed assorted positions. However, there has up to nowtually merely small interrogation has been done sing perceptual experience of Facebook use in Malayan college pupils. Therefore, this inquiry survey is purposes to research the perceptual experience of these pupils are the get downing tear on bring outing the relationship between Facebook use and academic public presentation specific in Malaysia context. It besides leave behinds the future treatment on possible causes and effects of the academic public presentations particular relate to the societal networking. The survey is able to put up the part and mentions for geographic expedition and in-depth surveies in the hereafter when it comes to Facebook use in academic public presentations.1.6 DefinitionsIn the undermentioned subsection, definition of particular term has been developed in this survey. It was say that the survey chiefly focused on the pupils on the college spot. Therefore in this survey, the Mal ayan College Student has been the defined as the pupils soon en drifted in any in any public or private college establishments in Malaysia.For the intents of this survey, Facebook use has been defined as to what extent of the battle newspaper nipping and attempt pupils invest in the Facebook. Thus, the thought covered includes the consciousness of the college pupils on the day-to-day clip spent, channel or medium, locales and intents in utilizing Facebook.Percept in here refers as the position and the sen mnt of the answerers on the issues. The position can be found on cocksure, negative or impersonal result. The measuring for the perceptual experience pass on be based on 5 Likert Scale rating system.Since one of the aims of this survey is to analyze the perceptual experience of the college pupils towards Facebook use on their academic public presentation, the academic public presentation is measured by the scrutinies or any appraisal from the college. The measuring go out b e based on the non merely the GPA but besides the college assignment, engagement and the attending of the pupils in household. However, the perceptual experience towards impact of Facebook use may mention to the possible result that can be either positive or negative ( Ahmed & A Qazi, 2011 ) .1.7 DrumheadThis chapter outlined the background of the survey country, research job, nonsubjective, significance survey and operational definition as an introductory chapter to this survey. Traveling on to avocation chapter Literature reappraisal allow for get down by presenting the general position of societal networking sites and Facebook to supply a notional foundation to the undermentioned treatment. In add-on in the chapter, uses and merriments theory has been discussed in order to supply the apprehension on the chief aims in this survey.Chapter 2 Literature ReviewChapter 2 Literature ReviewSocial Networking SitesSocial networking site ( SNS ) is a type of web based applications tha t provide users to build a profile for angiotensin-converting enzyme or public utilizations and to make a web that portion connexion with other users. In other words, it is a platform that allows the user to hold personal interaction and set up inter bondedness with other users. The user is able to add the other contacts and position other user s contacts and information in retort ( Boyd & A Ellison, 2008, p. 211 ) .In fact, societal networking sites began in 1997 along with the launching of Six classs.com. The intent is to let the users to make profiles and connect with each other through the Friends list ( Boyd & A Ellison, 2008, p. 214 ) . Social Networking sites have under rapid increment in the past few old ages ( Boyd & A Ellison, 2008 ) . Social networking sites has became a phenomenon as it has attracted 1000000s user in recent old ages ( Rouis, 2012 ) .Therefore, Karspinski & A Dubeistin ( 2007 ) found that the figure type of societal networking sites are change mag nitude such as electronic mail, web lumbers, societal media like Youtube and Flickr and besides video conferencing like Skype. These tools have become the platform for societal interaction where people can portion and state narratives or information and interact among each other ( Eyrich, 2008 ) . Social networking sites allows the user discuss any subject of issues at any point of clip and location.Basically, the users are free to print show their sentiment without any limitations. The information that has been published will be spread around the universe in a affair of proceedingss. to a greater extent and more people have chosen to socialise in the online societal web comparison to the others societal activities ( Pasek, 2009 ) . Therefore, societal web as other signifier of mass media has ultimately redefined boilersuit human communications procedure. It has changes the functions one expressive style communications traditional media such as telecasting, wireless and films ( U rista & A Dong, 2008 ) . Users are able to expose to these media as it has been provided as portion of societal networking sites services.Therefore, societal networking sites are so accessible and effectual which many greenish people today use this platform to pass on and show themselves. Therefore, the figure of users have importeeantly increase specific in the younger coevalss.FacebookSocial networking has finally become a new phenomenon in this upstart society. This survey focuses merely one particular of societal networking site that is Facebook. In fact, Facebook by far is one of the web site that contributed SNSs into the new phenomenon in the society ( Boyd & A Ellison, 2008 ) . Facebook as one of the most popular SNS, grow three times more on the twelvemonth 2008 comparison to the past three old ages which from 90 to 120 million users.Facebook is besides among the most popular societal networking sites due to its alone characteristics that allow the users to custom-make their interface profile and content. It provides the broad diverseness of tools for the users to pass on among each others. The users able to interact and interchange content, illustration they portion picture and image, discuss topics, chat, publish advertizement for group so farts, or mold available applications ( Safko & A Brake, 2009 Westlake, 2008 ) . Finally, the popularity of the Facebook has developed its really ain subculture ( Westlake, 2008 ) .Facebook has gain popularity among the coevals Y which are the people born after 1980 ( Rois, 2012 ) . These coevalss grew up in the modern engineering universe and normally trust it to realize their undertaking. In fact, most of this coevals possessed their ain Facebook history comparison to the other coevals ( Boyd & A Ellison, 2008 ) . This coevals prefer on to pass on through online based engineering like Facebook kind of through face to confront communicating.In fact, the impact of Facebook has non merely changed the man ner the users interact with each other but besides the besides the boilers suit media ingestion behavior ( Boyd & A Ellison, 2008 ) . Haythronwaite ( 2005 ) explains that the Facebook non merely able allow person to makes new friend but besides to enable the users to determine and develop their ain individuality.To summarize, Facebook is a taking societal networking sites that provides a broad diverseness of characteristics for to users and make their ain content and communicate to their friends. Facebook is and so seen as a new phenomenon in the society. The treatment of Facebook will lend to the undermentioned lit reappraisal.The Uses and felicity TheorySheldon ( 2007 ) defined this theory as different people use the media for different intents. It is normally affected by single ends, demand and desire. In other word, the people used media for their ain benefits. This theory provides us an implicit in(predicate) in psycho logical communicating position on how the persons use mass media to carry through their demands and desire.Katz et Al. ( 1974 ) explained that louvre premises of the utilizations and satisfactions theory. In fact, under the first premise of this theory describes that media users are active and end oriented. The intent of utilizing media is to carry through their demand ( E. Rossi, 2002 ) . In the context, Facebook is discussed as the persons motivations to socialise with others. Facebook is able to fulfill the persons interpersonal communicating through the characteristics available in the platforms ( Sheldon, 2008 ) . It was besides noted that Facebook is able to associate the users to those who portion the equivalent involvements with them and so to further relationship with others ( Ellison, 2007 ) .In the past, people have used a face to confront communicating and besides one manner communicating mass media such as telecasting, wireless and films to carry through their different type of demands and desires. Sheldon ( 2008 ) explained the societal networking sites such as Facebook, Myspace and Blogger are used at the same time by the persons to carry through their societal demands on amusement, information and recreation. Social networking sites are able to relate assortment of these demands in on cardinal location. The developments of societal networking sites have provided the persons to fulfill their cognitive and affectional demands. Therefore, societal networking sites have became a popular ways to convey satisfaction in term of demands and desires for an person.Facebook use on college pupilThe old element fundamentally described the functions and maps of societal networking sites and Facebook. Then, the farther treatment has been include to understand the utilizations of satisfaction in these new phenomenons. This subdivision will supply penetration of the Facebook use on the college pupils.Modern engineering communicating has bought the societal web such as Facebook to go one of the most of imp ort tools to connection and portion information to friends. Approximately 50 % the users in Facebook are fundamentally the population from the coevals Y which the ages range between 18 and 34 old ages ( Boyd & A Ellison, 2008 ) . Hepburn ( 2011 ) found that 48 % of people age ranges between 18 to 34 look into their Facebook right after the aftermath up in the sunup while 28 % cheque in earlier go to bed. The figure of users in Facebook have been increasing really rapidly peculiar among the undergraduate pupils age scope between 18 -24, which are high than any other age group ( Eldon, 2011 ) . These populations tend to pass a batch of clip in the societal media and log on to the site every twenty-four hours amounted to about double than any other type of media.In fact, the development of this 24/7 accessible engineerings allow the pupils to hang around in Facebook ( Fodeman and Monroe, 2009 ) . Therefore, the excessive of Facebook use has become a wont for the pupils that able to convey impact peculiarly on their academic public presentation every bit good as their tint of life. College pupils have finally going the largest user base in Facebook ( Boyd & A Ellison, 2008, p. 214 ) . The old point has been supported by Smith & A Caruson ( 2010 ) who get word found that 95 % of 18 and 19 old ages old college pupils have their ain Facebook profiles.Therefore, the two chief Facebook uses are hedonistic use which able to ensue efficacious motivations and the 2nd merely for leisure intents ( Rouis, 2012 ) . The Facebook use normally involved people from different ages interact and communicate. They use Facebook to portion picture, image, treatment and chew the fating with each others. The younger coevals peculiar pupils have spent up more than 8 hours per twenty-four hours on Facebook. These yearss, pupils spend their clip more on online socialising web like Facebook equate to other socialising activities. Kutjath ( 2011 ) explains that college pupils tend express themselves in Facebook by deriving greater integrating with their friend, accession to new friends and involves in interchanging of information and cognition.However, Rouis ( 2012 ) found that pupils are good concerns about the impact of Facebook to their life. They consider their clip pass on Facebook is of import because it enable them to supply them amusement and socializes with each others. Facebook have besides become a platform for them to rest so that they can execute transgress on the other of import undertaking.This literature sought to understand the battle and the intents of college pupils in Facebook use. Therefore, the liveing subdivision will analyze on the relationship of Facebook use on the academic positions.Facebook use in academic public presentationAcademic public presentations provides as a mean to measure the impact of societal and external properties or environment that related to pupil s academic undertaking and accomplishment. There are a batch of properties that contributes to the academic public presentations of the pupils, and one of the illustrations is the Facebook use ( Rois, 2012 ) .In contrast, Facebook as portion of the pupil s leisure activity is able to better their societal life. However, it has besides been known as a menace on pupil s academic classs. It is predicted that laborious use on Facebook able to caused pupils to less apportion their clip on prep planning ( Hofer, 2007 ) . In add-on, nomadic devices such as smartphones, tablets or laptops are used to surf on Facebook during classroom session that able indirectly put out their attending to the talk.Individual use on the societal networking sites like Facebook hold the same similarity to other sort of computing machine based web. Harmonizing to Kalpidou, Costin & A Morris ( 2007 ) , SNSs like Facebook and Myspace has been diffused to teenager s life and play a major function on their academic public presentations. As we indicated in the old treatment , the two chief attacks of Facebook use are fundamentally useful motivations and leisure intents. If the Facebook use is merely pure useful motivations, it can convey impact positive to the single academic public presentations ( Burton & A Straub, 2006 ) . On the other side, leisure intents on Facebook will do the pupils to entering to this web from different channels and devices along the twenty-four hours. Therefore, the pupil s day-to-day modus operandi will appears participation between their survey motivations which their cognitive burden has been submerged and could non concentrate on their academic undertaking.By sing Facebook use as a leisure purposes that will impact pupils academic public presentation, Madge ( 2009 ) found that Facebook is used chiefly for societal grounds and academic-related intents. Pempek et Al. ( 2009 ) argued that the intent of Facebook use among college pupils is to pass oning with friends while treatment for assignment or prep was the least. Yo unger coevals particularly pupils spent up to 8 hours per twenty-four hours surfing on Facebook daily. Therefore, it increased the form of information flow stress in pupil battle more than in their prep ( Rouis, 2012 ) . In other word, Facebook had caused pupil engage in changeless interactions and socialisation in the platform while debaring their attending from their academic work which prohibit them from concentrating on their academic undertaking.On the other side, 70 % of the college pupils perceived that Facebook would non impact their classs except for heavy use users ( Kaspernski and Duberstein, 2009 ) . Heavy use may impact on their day-to-day modus operandi and caused Facebook dependence. Therefore, Facebook use in academic has been discussed in this subdivision. The following subdivision will reason the story and position by old survey of Facebook use on positive and negative result of Facebook use in academic public presentations. One of the most common techniques of mensurating the academic public presentations is break apart the pupil s ends ( Valle et al. , 2009 ) . Premises have been made that Facebook use as a leisure activity to the pupils will impact their overall academic consequences. In this context, the chief attacks of analysing the academic public presentations is by the meant of focused on the scrutiny and assignment classs of the pupils.Positive impact of Facebook use on academic public presentationsThe impact normally depends on the different utilizations and satisfaction on Facebook among the college pupils. Social networking sites like Facebook are extremely based on the single utilizations and it has the possible to increase the pupil effectivity in academic ( Brady & A Smith, 2010 ) . Pasek ( 2009 ) argued that there is no rotund evidence that Facebook use is impacting the academic public presentations of the third instruction pupils. Hoffman ( 2009 ) explains that the positive properties of Facebook are able to turn out the acquisition environment of the pupils, every bit good as conveying motive to persons.Junco ( 2011 ) determine the same statement that Facebook contribute to the positive impact of academic public presentation. Facebook served as a platform or forum for the college pupils to portion, discuss, and update information that is related to their academic undertaking. Brady ( 2010 ) explains that interchanging information through Facebook is extremely effectual comparison to face-face communicating. The societal networking site like Facebook, Youtube and Twitter are able to convey positive consequence on cognitive and societal accomplishments. Mahadi & A Ubadidulla ( 2012 ) found that it can heighten the linguistic communication of the pupils in the procedure of societal interaction and feedback.Negative impact of Facebook use on academic public presentationsHowever, several surveies have found a negative relationship between Facebook use and pupil s academic public presentations. Exp osure to Facebook hold the inclination to convey overall negative consequence on pupils academic public presentations ( Park et al. , 2009 ) . Harmonizing to Boogart ( 2004 ) and Kirschner & A Duberstein ( 2009 ) highlight that Facebook is able to convey negative deductions such as lowered GPAs when it comes to heavy use. Facebook is able to do distraction consequence to an person. It is able to deflect the pupils to see Facebook profiles when they are making their work. In fact, pupils might travel on-line to look for assignment information and stop up interacting on Facebook ( Rouis, 2012 ) . As a consequence, pupils appear to see degraded on their academic public presentations.As effects, Facebook use may endanger the pupils academic public presentation. Harmonizing to Ohio State University ( 2009 ) argued that there is a relationship exists between Facebook use and academic public presentation. The survey shows that those pupils that used Facebook often tend to hold the lower Grade Point fair(a) ( GPA ) than those who seldom use Facebook. It is because most of the heavy Facebook user frequently holding job on the clip direction on their survey comparison with the light Facebook user. Madge et Al. ( 2009 ) came to the last Facebook for societal intents are able to blow the clip to academic survey by sing as possible negative consequence to the pupils.In fact, Roblyer et Al. ( 2010 ) challenges Facebook function as an educational tool which the survey found out that Facebook usage among faculty and pupils for instructional intents is limited and that popular in academic universe. Furthermore, Hargittai ( 2010 ) has done the survey on negative impact of Facebook use toward pupils academic public presentation. Research shows Facebook will do pupils to lost their involvement and concentration on their prep or assignment. As a effect, its end up with undone or low unscathed tone of work. In add-on, Jackson ( 2008 ) explains that negative impact on acade mic public presentation besides affect by intervention by Facebook utilizations like multitasking. Students are unable to execute expeditiously on multitasking even non count how good they are. The survey besides shows that important consequences which pupils like to utilize Facebook for chew the fating and bet oning the same clip when making assignments. Jacobsen and Forste ( 2011 ) described that Facebook as portion of electronic media is negatively associated with academic classs. The Facebook is able distract pupils on utilizing handphone, laptop in category or while making academic undertaking.Percept of pupils towards Facebook useIn the old surveies, there major two types of consequences shows on college pupil s position toward Facebook use on academic public presentation. Students perceived self ordinance and clip direction accomplishments are of import facets to harbor them from Facebook dependence ( Rouis, 2012 ) . Helou & A Rahim ( 2011 ) found that start of the pupils position that Facebook have positive impact on their academic public presentations even they are reported that the intents of engaged in Facebook are socialisation instead than academic intents. Harmonizing to Gewertz ( 2007 ) , the survey Facebook use on pupil s position is effectual larning tool. It is able to better the interaction between reader and pupils. Therefore, Facebook has peculiar become an effectual tools for college pupils when semen to the job in their assignments. Brady et Al. ( 2010 ) portion the similar findings on the pupil perceptual experience on the impact of Facebook. Majority of the pupils are reported to hold Facebook as their e-learning in their classs alternatively of face to confront communicating.DecisionThis reappraisal reflected up the research inquiry The perceptual experience of Malayan College Students when comes to their Facebook use and academic public presentations. Facebook as a new phenomenon in the society has gain popularity specific amo ng the younger coevals like pupils. Previous surveies have indicated positive and negative result of Facebook. In positive position, Facebook has been view as an of import educational tool to better pupil public presentations, while in the negative position, Facebook is by and large found to be negatively affected pupil classs. However, we assumed that although Facebook has been described as able to convey negative consequence on academic public presentations, the pupils will remedy comprehend Facebook as non impacting on their academic public presentations. Therefore, to to the full understand the impact of Facebook use towards pupils academic public presentations, it is of import to carry on a research survey in position that based on the pupils itself.Chapter 3 MethodologyChapter 3 Methodology3.1 IntroductionThe conceptual model was constructed based on the countries of treatment on the literature reviewed and that will lend to the undermentioned chapter of this survey. Therefo re, this chapter will show the research method and scheme that used to roll up the information in this survey. The chapter starts by explicating the pilot survey, trying method, and research design. The concluding subdivision of this chapter will reason the research process in roll uping the information in this survey.3.2 Pilot StudyPilot survey has precedeed in Tunku Abdul Rahman College Penang Branch Campus. The instruments have been assigned to 20 possible responsives. The information collected was used to minimise and analyse the fall aways in the survey. However, informations collected will non be included as the research determination. Through the pilot survey, one extra inquiry has been suggested by the respondent and therefore it has been added to the questionnaire. Some of the inquiries have been reconstructed to more all-inclusive in term of grammar and linguistic communication. Correction has been made in the reply by supplying more options to the future respondents o f this watch.3.3 Capable and ParticipantsThe questionnaires studies were administrated to 160 respondents and entire 153 return with valid responses. course 4.2.1 summarizes the demographic profiles of the respondents. The respondents were 54 males and 96 female persons. All the respondents were undergraduate pupils runing between 18 and supra 25 old ages old. Despite of the diverseness of ethnicity, pop out of the respondents are Chinese and most of them are Diploma holder.3.4 Sampling methodThe population for this survey was Malayan college pupils. The have was determined by purposive sampling method. A sum of 160 trying size were determine in this survey from 3 different establishments. Respondent must be a Facebook user was used as the basic standards of the purposive sampling method in this survey. To guarantee the quality of the informations collected, the respondents will be ask in verbally whether they have ain Facebook history before carry oning the study. Respondent s will be informed that the informations collected is purely confidential and merely for academic intents. The information such as name, reference work and contact figure will non be included in the study in order to protect the respondents privateness.To obtain the information sing the perceptual experience of the Malaysian college pupils, the establishments were narrowed to the college pupils in private establishments in Penang. The establishments were determined from the list of the best private college in Penang province accorded to Malaysian Quality Evaluation formation ( 2011 ) . The list was obtained by out of 26 private colleges in Penang, the samples will be categorized into 5, 4 and 3 stars in term of overall consequence based tonss and the study will be carried out merely in three colleges. The chosen colleges are KDU Penang College, Han Chiang College and Equator Academy of Art as 5, 4 and 3 starts severally. The ground to choose these 3 colleges is to happen out the different position of the pupils in different military rating degree of colleges.3.5 Research DesignIn this subdivision, the research design is reviewed and discussed in inside informations. The survey was to look into on the perceptual experience of Malayan College Students toward the Facebook use on their academic public presentation. In order to accomplish the research aim, quantitative research has been chosen as the method to roll up the information. The ground is because quantitative research is utile when used to quantify sentiments, locations and behaviours and happen out how the whole population feels about a certain issue ( Suphat Sukamolson, 2002 ) . Harmonizing to Creswell ( 1994 ) , quantitative research is basically in explicating a phenomenon by roll uping numerical informations that are analyzed utilizing mathematically based methods. Therefore, to obtaining the perceptual experience and besides the consciousness on the Facebook use and academic public presentations , quantitative research is prove to be more suited. In this research survey, questionnaire study is used as the instrument to roll up the information.The questionnaires study was designed to analyze 3 major countries of ratings consciousness of Facebook use, perceptual experience of Facebook use, and perceived effects on overall academic public presentations ( Appendix B ) . The respondents will have a standardised and consistent set of questionnaires ( Appendix B ) that consists of 15 inquiries. demographics informations such as age, gender, race and instruction degree were collected. Then the inquiries will travel on to one of the research nonsubjective inquiries to happen out the consciousness toward their Facebook use. The manner to mensurate the consciousness of Facebook use is through the respondent s cognition and degree of battle in the Facebook. 5 inquiries constructed in this subdivision such as clip spent on the Facebook daily, intent of utilizing Facebook, location and t he channel that normally logon to Facebook. These inquiries included multiple picks responses the combining of 1 inquiry which the respondents can crap more than an option.The concluding subdivision of the questionnaire study focused on the perceptual experiences of the respondent towards Facebook use on their academic public presentations. The inquiries were designed to turn to on the degree of attitudes towards the certain statements. The sample steps for the construct including development Facebook affect my day-to-day modus operandi.Using Facebook impact my scrutiny consequence.Using Facebook affect my college assignment.Using Facebook impact my category engagement.Using Facebook impact my attending in category.These inquiries drawn a line which the respondents are required to rate in footings of the grade to which it reflects their attitude towards the statement. Likert Scale evaluation system has been used to mensurate construct of the perceptual experience towards Facebook use on their academic public presentations. For case, 5-point categorical graduated table that ranged from strongly differ to strongly hold was used to measure the degree of strength on the statement.3.6 Research ProcedureThe first informations aggregation was implemented get downing 18 November 2012 began at the Equator Academy of Art and traveling on to KDU College and Han Chiang College. It was noted the study was conducted inside the campus of Han Chiang College and chief gate for the other two colleges. Questionnaires studies were distributed to 160 respondents. In order word, a sum of 53 questionnaires have been distributed in each college. However, merely 150 respondents reply will be chosen to bring forth better quality and valid consequences. The intent is to extinguish those failed to react or did non reply wholly in the conducted study.As indicated in the old sampling method, the respondents had been asked verbally whether they have Facebook history. Then we will merely continue on distribute the questionnaires to the respondents. In the procedure of informations aggregation, accounts will be given to the respondents that have job on replying the questionnaires. Finally, each respondent took about 5 proceedingss to complete the questionnaire.In Equator Academy of Art, we started to administer a sum of 53 questionnaires to the college pupils. Finally, the response rate was 100 % . In KDU College, the questionnaires were conducted which 48 out of 54 respondents completed the questionnaire study. Last in Han Chiang College, 52 out of 54 questionnaires have been received in to the full answered respond. Therefore, the overall response rate for the study was 95 % and 153 out of 160 respondents to the full completed the questionnaire study.However, some challenges and jobs have been faced in the survey. The attitude of the respondent is one of the chief jobs faced in the informations aggregation procedure. Some of the respondents are unable to finish th e questionnaire by go forthing space in certain inquiries. There are besides some mistake happened when the respondents tick more than one replies in the inquiry which the direction does non required to make so.3.7 DecisionAs a decision in this chapter, the survey was conducted at three private colleges Equator of Art and Academy, Hanchiang College and KDU College in Penang province. Quantitative research questionnaire study was used to roll up the information from the college pupils. The sampling is determined by utilizing purposive sampling method. Consequences that obtained will be farther discuss and analysis in following chapter.Chapter 4 Finding & A AnalysisChapter 4 Finding & A Analysis4.1 IntroductionThis survey sought to look into the perceptual experience of Malayan College Students towards Facebook use on their academic public presentation utilizing the quantitative research method. The instrument of questionnaires study has been used to roll up the information in three different instruction establishments. Datas were collected in the undermentioned country Demographic profile, Awareness of Facebook Usage and Perception of Facebook use affect on academic public presentations4.2 Demographic ProfileThis subdivision provides the information sing the demographic profile of the study respondents. Four inquiries are asked on the instrument included degree of instruction, race, age and gender. The information presented on the determine 4.1 is the combination consequences of the respondents in 3 different colleges.Degree of instructionPercentageCertificate20 %Diploma65 %Bachelor Degree15 %Others0 %RacePercentageMalay5 %Chinese71 %Indian21 %Others3 %AgePercentage1820 %1913 %2040 %Above 2127 %GenderPercentageMale36 %Female64 % conception 4.2.1 Demographic ProfileThe tabular rank above shows the demographic profile on degree of instruction. Majority 65 % respondents are Diploma holder, while 20 % and 15 % of the respondents are Certificate and Bachelor Deg ree holder severally.The 2nd subdivision of the tabular array above shows the demographic profile on the races. Majority 71 % of the respondents are Chinese, while 21 % are Indian. The consequence besides indicated that 5 % and 3 % of the respondents are Malay and Sikh severally.The undermentioned subdivision of the tabular array above shows the demographic profile on the age. Majority 40 % respondents are 20 old ages old and 27 % respondents are above 21 old ages old. The consequence besides included 20 % and 13 % of the respondents belongs to 18 and 19 old ages old.The concluding subdivision of the tabular array shows the demographic profile on the gender. 64 % of the entire respondents are female while the remainder 36 % are male.4.3 Awareness of Facebook UsageThis subdivision will show the consequences of Awareness of Facebook use of the respondents. All respondents were asked five inquiries sing their use on Facebook. Figure 4.2 Figure 4.6 shows the consequences from these ser ies of inquiries.Figure 4.3.1 Frequency of log on to FacebookThe saloon graph above shows that lot 84 % respondents log on to Facebook daily. 11 % of the respondents logon to Facebook 1-3 times per hebdomad. The consequences besides indicated minority of respondents which merely 4 % of them log on to Facebook 1-3 times per hebdomad. However, merely 1 % of the respondents fall under assorted because failed to supply the complete reply.Figure 4.3.2 Location of log on to FacebookThe saloon chart above shows that bulk 73.30 % respondents normally log on to Facebook in their place. 11.33 % and 10.60 % of respondents normally logon to Facebook at inn and college severally. The consequence besides shows that merely 4 % of the respondents log on to Facebook in public topographic points. However, 0.66 % of the respondents fall under assorted because failed to follow the direction of the inquiry.Figure 4.3.3 bloodline used to log on to FacebookThe saloon chart above shows that bulk 40 % res pondents normally log on to Facebook utilizing the computing machine. The consequences indicated that computing machine is the chief channel for pupils to log on to Facebook. 29.33 % and 24 % log on to Facebook through handphone and tabular arraies severally. However, merely 6.66 % of respondents used laptop to logon to Facebook.Figure 4.3.4 Daily Time exhausted on FacebookThe saloon chart above shows that bulk 40 % respondents spend 1-3 hours on Facebook daily. 17.33 % and 13.33 % of the respondents spend more than 6 hours and less than 1 hr on Facebook severally. The consequences besides indicated that 9.33 % of respondents spend 4-6 hours on Facebook daily and 20 % of them are non certain about their day-to-day clip spent on Facebook.Figure 4.3.5 The intents of utilizing FacebookThe inquiry allowed the respondents to take more than one reply. Therefore, the saloon chart above shows the bulk respondents used Facebook for amusement and socialisation intents which are 34.72 % and 3 4.02 % severally. The consequences besides indicated that 24.31 % of the respondents use Facebook to seek for information and 4.17 % used it as recreation. However, 2.77 % of the respondents fall under assorted because failed to follow the direction of the inquiry.4.4 Percept of Facebook use affect on academic public presentationsThis subdivision of the instrument begins to analyze the respondents perceptual experience of Facebook use on their academic public presentations. Respondent were asked to turn to on the degree of attitudes towards the certain statements. The measuring of the responses is based on the Likert Scale Rating System.IntensityStatementStrongly holdAgreeImpersonalDis fitStrongly differa ) Using Facebook affect my day-to-day modus operandi24 % ( 36 )27 % ( 40 )27 % ( 40 )13 % ( 20 )9 % ( 14 )B ) Using Facebook impact my scrutiny consequence11 %( 16 )13 %( 20 )36 %( 54 )29 %( 44 )11 %( 16 )degree Celsius ) Using Facebook affect my college assignment20 %( 30 )16 %( 24 )29 %( 44 )29 %( 44 )6 %( 8 )vitamin D ) Using Facebook impact my category engagement7 %( 10 )7 %( 10 )28 %( 42 )33 %( 50 )25 %( 38 )vitamin E ) Using Facebook impact my attending in category10 %( 15 )6 %( 9 )29 %( 44 )38 %( 56 )17 %( 26 )Figure 4.4.1 Responses to the inquiry on the perceptual experiences towards Facebook use on their academic public presentations rated with a 5 different strength on Likert graduated table evaluation systemThe figure above shows that 24 % of the respondents strongly add up with the statement Using Facebook impact my day-to-day modus operandi . 27 % of them agree with the statement, 27 % of them indicated impersonal to the statement, while 13 % of them discord with the statement and the remainder 9 % of them strongly protest with the statement.The 2nd figure shows that 11 % of the respondents strongly agree with the statement Using Facebook affect my scrutiny consequence . 13 % of them agree with the statement, 36 % of them indicated impers onal to the statement, while 29 % of them disagree with the statement and the remainder 11 % of them strongly disagree with the statement.The tertiary figure shows that 20 % of the respondents strongly agree with the statement Using Facebook affect my college assignment . 16 % of them agree with the statement, 29 % of them indicated impersonal to the statement, while 29 % of them disagree with the statement and the remainder 6 % of them strongly disagree with the statement.The undermentioned figure shows that merely 7 % of the respondents strongly agree with the statement Using facebook impact my category engagement . 7 % of them besides agree with the statement, 28 % of them indicate impersonal to the statement, while 33 % of them disagree with the statement and the remainder 25 % of them strongly disagree with the statement.The last figure shows that 10 % of the respondents strongly agree with the statement Using Facebook affect my attending in category . Merely 6 % agree with the statement, 29 % of them indicate impersonal to the statement, while 38 % of them disagree with the statement and the remainder 17 % of them strongly disagree with the statement.Figure 4.4.2 Percept of Facebook will impact their overall academic public presentationThe saloon chart above shows that bulk 65.33 % respondents perceived Facebook will non impact their overall academic public presentation. The respondents perceived themselves have good clip direction accomplishments and they are non given to Facebook However, merely 34.66 % of respondents perceived Facebook will impact their overall academic public presentation. The respondents perceived Facebook will deflect them from making their academic undertakings.Chapter 5 Discussion & A ConclusionChapter 5 Discussion & A Conclusion5.1 Summary of surveyThis survey was conducted at three instruction establishments throughout the Penang provinces. As Facebook has become a new phenomenon that had important impact to the life of the college pupils. As pupils use of the Facebook are increasing, so it is of import for the survey to understand on the impact of Facebook use on college pupils. Finally, non much research has been done on researching on the perceptual experience of the beginnings itself which are the pupils on these issues. Therefore, this survey aims to look into the perceptual experience of Malayan College Students towards Facebook use on their academic public presentation.Therefore, one of the cardinal facets of this survey is to foreground the college pupils use on Facebook. The bulk of the pupils log on to the Facebook daily with over 73.30 % of them accesses it from their place. It was besides indicated that, pupils spent up to 1 to 3 hours per twenty-four hours. The bulk of the pupils accesses to Facebook utilizing the computing machine and laptop as it is besides been consider as nomadic personal computing machine. As expected, the pupils uses Facebook are for amusement and socialisat ion intents.The perceptual experiences of the pupils are explored on the Facebook use on their academic public presentations. Students besides indicated understanding on Facebook use will impact on their day-to-day modus operandi. However, the undermentioned responses remain either with impersonal response or being to differ with the statement that Facebook use will impact their academic public presentations. Therefore, it is clearly that most of the pupils perceived that Facebook use will non impact their scrutiny consequences. The perceptual experience of pupils besides noted that Facebook will non impact their overall academic undertaking public presentations included college assignment, category engagement and attending in the category. The ground is because bulk of the pupils perceived themselves have a good clip direction accomplishments. They are able to apportion their clip sagely between Facebook and academic undertaking every bit good as being addicted to Facebook.5.2 Disc ussionAs noted in Chapter 2 Literature Review, exposure to Facebook hold the inclination to convey overall negative consequence on pupils academic public presentations. This survey has applied utilizations and satisfaction theory to explicate the increasingly popularity of Facebook among college pupils. It is note Facebook has been used as tools to carry through college pupil s societal and amusement demands. As a consequence, pupils appear to see negative impact on their academic public presentations. Regardless, heavy use of Facebook tends to do for lower pupil s scrutinies classs. Facebook is able to do distraction consequence on their academic undertaking specific on those pupils that extremely engage in this societal platform. In this context, pupils appear to utilize Facebook for amusement and socialisation intents. The consequences besides display that bulk college pupils are more likely to pass 1 to 3 hr per twenty-four hours on Facebook. This may besides related to the fac t that norm of the college pupils spent up to 8 hours per twenty-four hours on Facebook.Therefore, the current survey therefore provides the perceptual experience of Malayan college pupils toward Facebook use on their academic public presentations. Sing the initial use of the pupils in this platform, this survey noted that Facebook has been perceived that it will non do negative impact to their academic public presentations. Although Facebook has been indentify as the tools for amusement and socialisation, self ordinance such as good clip direction is able prevent pupils from Facebook dependence. Therefore, pupils are able to apportion their clip sagely apportion their clip on Facebook. The current survey consequences besides present that pupils are non the heavy users of Facebook. Therefore, it might be one of the possible deductions that Facebook uses are non the chief ground that will impact on their academic public presentations. Student have besides been reported that they norm ally log on to Facebook at their place alternatively of college. College pupils are more likely to less on-line to Facebook during the category. This indicated that, Facebook use has been perceived that will non impact their engagement and attending during the category.5.3 DecisionThis survey presents the perceptual experience of college pupils on Facebook use toward their academic public presentations. In fact, battle on Facebook has been measured as the variables of finding the consciousness of Facebook use. The theoretical model suggested that long clip spent on Facebook will negatively impact pupil s academic public presentations. As a decision, the survey premises provide noteworthy consequences in Malayan context. Despite Facebook has been described as a possible negative consequence on pupil overall academic public presentations, in pupils perceptual experience, Facebook will non convey any negative consequence to their overall academic public presentations. Based on the con sequences, self ordinances such as good clip direction accomplishment has been viewed as the bar for this result.5.4 Limitation of surveyThis subdivision sought to name out the rampart exists in this survey. First, this survey is limited to pupils in merely three colleges. Due to clip and resources restraints, the survey can merely be conducted in the limited country. In fact, there are some demographics that become of import consideration when researching the perceptual experience of college pupils in this three instruction establishments. The bulk of the respondents are the Chinese and female populations.In add-on, the survey is besides limited to the figure of responses of the pupils. Merely a sum of 160 questionnaires have been distributed to the respondents due to the clip restraints. The larger samples are required to be sufficiently stand foring the result of the whole population. Therefore, it is unreasonable to confidently generalise these consequences to users with differ ent demographic or cultural contexts.5.5 Suggestion for future researchIn responses to the confinement above, the country of research should research more specifically on with Facebook impact of Malaysia college pupils. The research is able to carry on in larger population trying in the hereafter. In add-on to that, future survey may besides prove on the perceptual experience of the general populace on Facebook use. More or less, the research country have to be conducted in larger country included the different demographic position. Furthermore, comparative survey between Malaysian college pupils and other civilization context can be conducted to measure the relationship of Facebook use and academic public presentations. Last, qualitative research can be conduct in order to obtain a more in-depth apprehension on the Facebook use of the college pupils.